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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gnck</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Колопроктология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Koloproktologia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7556</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7303</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Association of Coloproctology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33878/2073-7556-2026-25-3-95-103</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gnck-2187</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска образования десмоидных опухолей у больных с аденоматозным полипозным синдромом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk factors for the development of desmoid tumors in patients with adenomatous polyposis syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7040-6979</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пикунов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pikunov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Юрьевич Пикунов</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy Yu. Pikunov </p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pikunov_dy@gnck.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8571-7462</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цуканов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsukanov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey S. Tsukanov </p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7248-111X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логинова</surname><given-names>A. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loginova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna N. Loginova </p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3820-7651</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шубин</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shubin</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitaly P. Shubin </p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9442-7480</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зароднюк</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zarodnyuk</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Zarodnyuk </p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8480-9362</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелыгин</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelygin</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423;ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, г. Москва, 125993</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri A. Shelygin</p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423; Barrikadnaya st., 2/1, bld. 1, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ«НМИЦ колопроктологии имени А.Н. Рыжих» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ«НМИЦ колопроктологии имени А.Н. Рыжих» Минздрава России; &#13;
ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology; &#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пикунов Д.Ю., Цуканов А.С., Логинова A.Н., Шубин В.П., Зароднюк И.В., Шелыгин Ю.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пикунов Д.Ю., Цуканов А.С., Логинова A.Н., Шубин В.П., Зароднюк И.В., Шелыгин Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pikunov D.Y., Tsukanov A.S., Loginova A.N., Shubin V.P., Zarodnyuk I.V., Shelygin Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/2187">https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/2187</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ: у больных с аденоматозным полипозным синдромом (АПС) помимо характерных клинических проявлений заболевания в толстой кишке зачастую обнаруживают внекишечные изменения. При этом, по мнению многих исследователей, наиболее частой причиной гибели пациентов с АПС, перенесших своевременное удаление толстой кишки без трансформации полипов в колоректальный рак, становятся десмоидные опухоли. Неоднозначные данные современной литературы о факторах, предрасполагающих к развитию десмоидных опухолей у больных с АПС, послужили причиной проведения собственного исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ: оценить частоту выявления десмоидных опухолей у больных с аденоматозным полипозным синдромом и определить независимые факторы риска развития десмоидных опухолей. </p></sec><sec><title>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ: в одноцентровое ретроспективное исследование включены пациенты, проходившие лечение по поводу аденоматозного полипозного синдрома и последующий мониторинг в период с января 2013 г. по январь 2025 г. После проведения хирургического этапа лечения пациенты были включены в программу длительного динамического амбулаторного наблюдения. В рамках указанной программы было рекомендовано ежегодное проведение осмотра и инструментального обследования – эндоскопического исследования верхних и нижних отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта, а также выполнение КТ органов грудной клетки, брюшной полости и малого таза с внутривенным контрастированием Первичной конечной точкой исследования стало выявление у пациента с АПС десмоидной опухоли. Для выявления независимых факторов риска развития десмоидных опухолей у пациентов с АПС был проведен однофакторный анализ, а затем логистически-регрессионный анализ.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: у 79(21,4%) из 369 вошедших в исследование пациентов было диагностировано появление десмоидной опухоли в среднем через 18 (от 6 до 60) месяцев после хирургического вмешательства по удалению толстой кишки. У 90,1% пациентов с десмоидной опухолью обнаружено наличие патогенного варианта в гене АРС. На основании проведенного ROC-анализа выявлено, что локализация ПВ далее 876 кодона в гене АРС в большей степени ассоциирована с развитием ДО (AUC=0,60, р=0,01). В результате проведенного логистически-регрессионного анализа было выявлено, что локализация патогенного варианта в гене АРС после 876 кодона (ОШ=2,15, 95% ДИ: 1,20-3,83, р=0,0097) и открытый доступ при хирургическом вмешательстве (ОШ=2,09, 95% ДИ: 1,18-3,71, р=0,0119) послужили независимыми факторами риска развития десмоидных опухолей у пациентов с АПС.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: частота развития десмоидных опухолей в исследованной когорте пациентов с АПС составила 21,4%. Высокий риск развития внекишечных проявлений АПС подтверждает необходимость длительного регулярного мониторинга пациентов после выполнения хирургического вмешательства на толстой кишке, особенно в группе повышенного риска – с расположением патогенного варианта в гене АРС после кодона 876 и/или перенесших открытую операцию. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION: in patients with adenomatous polyposis syndrome (APS), extracolonic manifestations are often detected. According to many researchers, desmoid tumors are the most common cause of death in patients with APS who underwent prophylactic bowel removal before polyps’ transformation into colorectal cancer. The inconsistent data in the current literature on the predisposive factors to the development of desmoid tumors in patients with APS prompted us to conduct our own research.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: to evaluate the frequency of desmoid tumors in patients with adenomatous polyposis syndrome and to identify independent risk factors for the development of desmoid tumors.</p></sec><sec><title>PATIENTS AND METHODS</title><p>PATIENTS AND METHODS: the single-center retrospective study included patients who underwent treatment for adenomatous polyposis syndrome and subsequent monitoring between January 2013 and January 2025. After the surgical stage of treatment, the patients were included in a long-term dynamic outpatient monitoring program. As part of this program, patients underwent annual endoscopic examinations of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract, as well as CT scans of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis with intravenous contrast. The primary endpoint of the study was the detection of a desmoid tumor in a patient with APS. A univariate analysis followed by a logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent risk factors for the development of desmoid tumors in patients with APS.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: In 79 (21.4%) out of the 369 patients included in the study desmoid tumors were detected on average, 18 (6 to 60) months after surgery for APS. In 90.1% of patients with a desmoid tumor, a pathogenic variant in the APC gene was detected. Based on the ROC analysis, it was found that the localization of pathogenic variant beyond codon 876 in the APC gene is more strongly associated with the development of desmoid tumor (AUC=0.60, p=0.01). As a result of the logistic regression analysis, it was revealed that the localization of the pathogenic variant in the APC gene beyond codon 876 (OR=2.15, 95% CI: 1.20-3.83, p=0.0097) and open access during surgery (OR=2.09, 95% CI: 1.18-3.71, p=0.0119) served as independent risk factors for the development of desmoid tumors in patients with APS.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: the incidence of desmoid tumors detection in the studied cohort of patients with APS was 21.4%. The high risk of extraintestinal manifestations of APS confirms the need for long-term regular monitoring of patients after colorectal surgery, especially in the high-risk group – with the location of the pathogenic variant in the APC gene beyond codon 876 and/or after open surgery.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аденоматозный полипозный синдром</kwd><kwd>десмоидная опухоль</kwd><kwd>агрессивный фиброматоз</kwd><kwd>ген АРС</kwd><kwd>лапароскопическая колпроктэктомия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>familial adenomatous polyposis</kwd><kwd>desmoid tumor</kwd><kwd>aggressive fibromatosis</kwd><kwd>gene APC</kwd><kwd>laparoscopic proctocolectomy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шелыгин Ю.А., Имянитов Е.Н., Куцев С.И. и соавт. Аденоматозный полипозный синдром. 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