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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gnck</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Колопроктология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Koloproktologia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7556</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7303</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Association of Coloproctology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33878/2073-7556-2026-25-2-87-96</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gnck-2128</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Замещение стимулирующих слабительных на макрогол-4000 у пациентов с хроническим запором</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Switching from stimulant laxatives to macrogol-4000 in patients with chronic constipation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7441-2815</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поздняков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdnyakov</surname><given-names>Artem A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поздняков Артем Аркадьевич — к.м.н., доцент кафедры госпитальной хирургии им. проф. А.М. Дыхно с курсом последипломного образования</p><p>ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 1, г. Красноярск, 660022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Partizana Zheleznaka st., 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artem-ark@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4743-4565</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черданцев</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherdantsev</surname><given-names>Dmitry V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черданцев Дмитрий Владимирович — д.м.н., профессор кафедры госпитальной хирургии им. проф. А.М. Дыхно с курсом последипломного образования</p><p>ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 1, г. Красноярск, 660022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Partizana Zheleznaka st., 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rector@krasgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7610-2823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ануфриева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anufrieva</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ануфриева Ирина Андреевна — врач колопроктолог</p><p>ул. Мате Залке, д. 23, г. Красноярск, 660127</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mate Zalka st., 23, Krasnoyarsk, 660127</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anufrievaia2018@gmail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО КрасГМУ им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого Минздрава России, кафедра госпитальной хирургии имени профессора А.М. Дыхно с курсом последипломного образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky, Ministry of Health of Russia, Department of Hospital Surgery named after Professor A.M. Dykhno with Postgraduate Education Course</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>КГБУЗ «Красноярская межрайонная больница №2», многопрофильная поликлиника</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Krasnoyarsk Regional Multidistrict Hospital No. 2, Multidisciplinary Polyclinic</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>96</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Поздняков А.А., Черданцев Д.В., Ануфриева И.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Поздняков А.А., Черданцев Д.В., Ануфриева И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pozdnyakov A.A., Cherdantsev D.V., Anufrieva I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/2128">https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/2128</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ: оценить эффективность и безопасность поэтапного замещения контактных стимулирующих слабительных препаратов макроголом-4000 у пациентов колопроктологического профиля с хроническим запором, включая предоперационную подготовку к вмешательствам на толстой кишке.</p></sec><sec><title>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ: проведено одноцентровое проспективное когортное пилотное исследование с дизайном «до–после». В исследование включены 93 пациента (82 женщины, 11 мужчин; средний возраст — 65,0 ± 14,2 года), набранные в период с января по декабрь 2025 г., с хроническим запором и длительным самолечением контактными слабительными препаратами (медиана 5,0 лет; интерквартильный размах 1,0–15,0; диапазон 0,5–35,0 лет). Ведущей причиной запора стал функциональный генез 78/93 (83,9%), тогда как СРК-З и долихосигма составили 6/93 (6,5%) и 9/93 (9,7%) случаев. Протокол перехода включал 4-фазную схему постепенного снижения дозы контактных стимулирующих слабительных препаратов на фоне приема макрогола-4000 в течение 3–8 недель. Основные конечные точки: полный отказ от контактных стимулирующих слабительных препаратов к завершению перехода; изменение консистенции кала по шкале Бристоль (БШК) и частоты стула от исходного уровня до завершения перехода (3–8 недель); частота нежелательных явлений, связанных с терапией. Дополнительная конечная точка: качество подготовки кишечника по шкале BBPS у пациентов с полипами толстой кишки.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: по анализу intention-to-treat (все 93 пациента) полный отказ от контактных стимулирующих слабительных препаратов к завершению перехода достигнут у 76/93 (81,7%; 95% ДИ [72,5; 88,9]). Среди комплаентных пациентов (76/93; 81,7%), завершивших протокол в соответствии с предписанием (выполнение ≥ 80% схемы), отказ достигнут у 76/76 (100,0%; 95% ДИ [95,2; 100,0]). Медиана типа БШК статистически значимо улучшилась с 1,0 [1,0; 2,0] до 3,0 [2,0; 4,0] (р &lt; 0,0001 по тесту Вилкоксона). Доля пациентов с нормальным стулом (БШК 3–4) возросла с 4/73 (5,5%) до 51/73 (69,9%) (относительный риск 12,7; 95% ДИ [4,8; 33,6]; р &lt; 0,0001 по критерию Мак-Немара). Средняя частота стула увеличилась с 0,68 ± 0,21 до 1,11 ± 0,33 раза в сутки (р &lt; 0,0001). Нежелательные явления, связанные с терапией, зарегистрированы у 4/93 (4,3%) пациентов (лёгкий метеоризм, не потребовавший отмены терапии). У 16/76 (21,1%) достигнута нормализация пассажа (отказ от всех слабительных). Средняя длительность перехода — 5,2 ± 1,2 недели. Диарея (БШК ≥ 6) не зарегистрирована. У 15/15 (100%) пациентов с полипами переход на макрогол обеспечил адекватную подготовку к колоноскопии и полипэктомии без контактных стимулирующих слабительных препаратов (медиана балла BBPS 8,0 [7,0; 9,0], диапазон 6–9).</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: поэтапный протокол замещения контактных стимулирующих слабительных препаратов макроголом-4000 демонстрирует высокую эффективность и безопасность у колопроктологических пациентов. Макрогол-4000 обеспечивает надёжную коррекцию запора и адекватную подготовку к диагностическим и хирургическим вмешательствам на толстой кишке. Результаты обосновывают проведение рандомизированного контролируемого исследования.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a stepwise transition from stimulant laxatives to macrogol-4000 in colorectal patients with chronic constipation, including preoperative bowel preparation for colonic surgery.</p></sec><sec><title>PATIENTS AND METHODS</title><p>PATIENTS AND METHODS: a single-center prospective cohort pilot study with a “before–after” design was conducted. Ninety-three patients (82 women, 11 men; mean age 65.0 ± 14.2 years) were enrolled between January and December 2025, all with chronic constipation and long-term self-administration of stimulant laxatives (median duration 5.0 years; interquartile range 1.0–15.0; range 0.5–35.0 years). Functional constipation was the leading diagnosis 78/93 (83.9%), whereas constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome and dolichocolon accounted for 6/93 (6.5%) and 9/93 (9.7%) cases, respectively. The transition protocol comprised a 4-phase tapering scheme of stimulant laxative dose reduction combined with standard-dose macrogol-4000 over 3–8 weeks. Primary endpoints: complete discontinuation of stimulant laxatives at transition completion; change in stool consistency (Bristol Stool Scale, BSS) and stool frequency from baseline to transition completion (3–8 weeks); incidence of therapy-related adverse events. Exploratory endpoint: bowel preparation quality assessed by Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) in patients with colonic polyps.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: according to the intention-to-treat analysis (all 93 patients), complete discontinuation of stimulant laxatives at transition completion was achieved in 76/93 (81.7%; 95% CI [72.5; 88.9]). Among compliant patients (76/93; 81.7%) who completed the protocol as prescribed (≥ 80% adherence), discontinuation was achieved in 76/76 (100.0%; 95% CI [95.2; 100.0]). Median BSS score significantly improved from 1.0 (interquartile range 1.0–2.0) to 3.0 (2.0–4.0) (p &lt; 0.0001 by Wilcoxon signed-rank test). The proportion of patients with normal stool (BSS 3–4) increased from 4/73 (5.5%) to 51/73 (69.9%) (relative risk 12.7; 95% CI [4.8; 33.6]; p &lt; 0.0001 by McNemar's test). Mean stool frequency increased from 0.68 ± 0.21 to 1.11 ± 0.33 bowel movements per day (p &lt; 0.0001). Therapy-related adverse events occurred in 4/93 (4.3%) patients (mild bloating, not requiring therapy discontinuation). Normalization of colonic transit (complete laxative independence) was achieved in 16/76 (21.1%) of patients. Mean transition duration was 5.2 ± 1.2 weeks. No diarrhea (BSS ≥ 6) was observed upon therapy completion. In 15/15 (100%) patients with colonic polyps, transition to macrogol-4000 provided adequate bowel preparation for colonoscopy and subsequent polypectomy without stimulant laxatives (median BBPS score 8.0 [7.0; 9.0], range 6–9).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: the stepwise protocol for replacing stimulant laxatives with macrogol-4000 demonstrates high efficacy and safety in colorectal patients. Macrogol-4000 provides reliable constipation correction and adequate preparation for diagnostic and surgical interventions on the colon. These results justify a randomized controlled trial to verify the findings</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический запор</kwd><kwd>стимулирующие слабительные</kwd><kwd>макрогол-4000</kwd><kwd>колопроктология</kwd><kwd>предоперационная подготовка</kwd><kwd>шкале Бристоль</kwd><kwd>пилотное исследование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic constipation</kwd><kwd>stimulant laxatives</kwd><kwd>macrogol-4000</kwd><kwd>coloproctology</kwd><kwd>preoperative preparation</kwd><kwd>Bristol Stool Scale</kwd><kwd>pilot</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">авторы выражают благодарность руководству КГБУЗ «Красноярская межрайонная больница №2» за предоставленную возможность проведения исследовательской работы</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the authors express gratitude to the management of Krasnoyarsk Regional Multidistrict Hospital No. 2 for providing the opportunity to conduct the research</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ивашкин В.Т., Мнацаканян М.Г., Остапенко В.С., и соавт. 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