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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gnck</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Колопроктология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Koloproktologia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7556</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7303</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Association of Coloproctology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33878/2073-7556-2026-25-1-71-80</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gnck-2115</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Результаты хирургического лечения свищей заднего прохода перемещенным латеральным прямокишечным лоскутом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Displaced lateral rectal flap for anal fistulas</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6991-1716</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никишин</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikishin</surname><given-names>Timur V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никишин Тимур Владимирович — врач-колопроктолог</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">timurnikishin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1778-0571</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костарев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostarev</surname><given-names>Ivan V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Костарев Иван Васильевич — д.м.н., руководитель отдела общей и реконструктивной колопроктологии; профессор кафедры колопроктологии</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p><p>ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1, г. Москва, 125993</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p><p>Barrikadnaya st., 2/1, bld. 1, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1636-8075</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>Alexander Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Титов Александр Юрьевич — д.м.н., главный научный сотрудник отделения общей и реконструктивной колопроктологии</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1182-419X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатенко</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatenko</surname><given-names>Maria A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игнатенко Мария Андреевна — специалист отдела планирования и организации научных исследований</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3403-9731</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жарков</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zharkov</surname><given-names>Evgeny E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жарков Евгений Евгеньевич — к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник отдела общей и реконструктивной колопроктологии</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2294-7169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дадашев</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dadashev</surname><given-names>Ikromzhon I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дадашев Икромжон Иброхимович — аспирант кафедры колопроктологии</p><p>ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1, г. Москва, 125993</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Barrikadnaya st., 2/1, bld. 1, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1081-1793</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бирюков</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Biryukov</surname><given-names>Oleg M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бирюков Олег Михайлович — д.м.н., старший научный сотрудник отделения общей и реконструктивной колопроктологии</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4884-876X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Першина</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pershina</surname><given-names>Anastasia E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Першина Анастасия Евгеньевна — врач ультразвуковой диагностики отделения ультразвуковой диагностики</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1207-5988</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мудров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mudrov</surname><given-names>Andrey А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мудров Андрей Анатольевич — д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник отдела общей и реконструктивной колопроктологии; профессор кафедры колопроктологии</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p><p>ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1, г. Москва, 125993</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p><p>Barrikadnaya st., 2/1, bld. 1, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ колопроктологии имени А.Н. Рыжих» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ колопроктологии имени А.Н. Рыжих» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никишин Т.В., Костарев И.В., Титов А.Ю., Игнатенко М.А., Жарков Е.Е., Дадашев И.И., Бирюков О.М., Першина А.Е., Мудров А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никишин Т.В., Костарев И.В., Титов А.Ю., Игнатенко М.А., Жарков Е.Е., Дадашев И.И., Бирюков О.М., Першина А.Е., Мудров А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikishin T.V., Kostarev I.V., Titov A.Y., Ignatenko M.A., Zharkov E.E., Dadashev I.I., Biryukov O.M., Pershina A.E., Mudrov A.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/2115">https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/2115</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ: оценка эффективности и безопасности хирургического метода ликвидации свищей прямой кишки латеральным прямокишечным лоскутом (ЛПЛ) у пациентов со свищами прямой кишки, вовлекающими более 1/3 наружного сфинктера (далее «сложные» свищи прямой кишки).</p></sec><sec><title>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ: в одноцентровое проспективное одногрупповое исследование было включено 60 пациентов, которым выполнена ликвидация свища прямой кишки латеральным прямокишечным лоскутом. Обследование пациентов до и после оперативного вмешательства проводилось при помощи инструментальных методов — трансректального ультразвукового исследования (ТРУЗИ) и сфинктерометрии. Превалирующее количество пациентов имели экстрасфинктерный ход свища 41/60 (68,3%). Наличие гнойно-воспалительных затеков выявлены у 39/60 (65%), при этом множественные затеки зафиксированы у 23/39 (38,3%). Отдаленные результаты лечения были изучены через 3–12 месяцев. Медиана наблюдения составила 7 (4; 8) месяцев. Первичной конечной точкой была частота ненаступления рецидива заболевания (эффективность лечения), вторичными — оценка функционального состояния запирательного аппарата прямой кишки; выраженности болевого синдрома; факторов риска, предположительно влияющих на развитие рецидива.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: эффективность метода ЛПЛ составила 48/60 (80%; 95% ДИ 67,7; 89,2) случаев. Ни в одном наблюдении в послеоперационном периоде по данным сфинктерометрии и оценке недостаточности анального сфинктера по шкале Wexner не зафиксировано ухудшения функции держания (1 (0; 3) балла до оперативного вмешательства и 2 (0; 3) балла — через 3–6 мес. (р = 0,68)). При оценке факторов риска развития рецидива заболевания выявлено, что статистически значимо снижает эффективность применения ЛПЛ избыточная масса тела (при индексе массы тела ≥ 30,7 кг/м²) (отношение шансов (ОШ) = 1,14 (95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) 1,02; 1,29), р = 0,02), гнойные затеки в межсфинктерном (ОШ = 5,50 (95% ДИ 1,14; 26,6), р = 0,03), ишиоанальном (ОШ = 16,8 (95% ДИ 3,20; 7,55), р = 0,0009) и пельвиоректальном (ОШ = 7,86 (95% ДИ 1,69; 36,6), р = 0,008) пространствах, а также множественные гнойные затеки (ОШ = 4,40 (95% ДИ 1,14; 16,9), р = 0,03). В то же время, метод ЛПЛ позволил добиться выздоровления у 28/39 (71,8%) пациентов с гнойными затеками, причем при наличии множественных затеков свищ удалось ликвидировать в 15/23 (65,2%) случаях.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: метод ЛПЛ позволяет одноэтапно ликвидировать «сложные» свищи прямой кишки в 80% наблюдений, при этом, не ухудшая функционального состояния запирательного аппарата прямой кишки. Болевой синдром, в среднем, не превышал «слабого» уровня ощущений, по данным визуально-аналоговой шкалы боли. По данным визуально-аналоговой шкалы боли, медиана баллов не превышала 3-х за весь период наблюдения, что соответствует слабому уровню болевых ощущений; при этом максимальная интенсивность была отмечена на 2–4 сутки после операции, тогда как к 10 суткам практически все пациенты не испытывали болевых ощущений.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: evaluating effectiveness and safety of the method of fistula repair using a lateral rectal flap in patients with anal fistulas involving more than 1/3 of the external sphincter (complex anal fistulas).</p></sec><sec><title>PATIENTS AND METHODS</title><p>PATIENTS AND METHODS: a single-centre, prospective, single-group study included 60 patients who underwent anal fistula repair using a lateral rectal flap (LRF). The check-up before and after the surgery was carried out using instrumental methods — transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and sphincterometry. The majority of patients had an extrasphincteric fistula (41/60 (68.3%)), pararectal cavities were detected in 39/60 (65%) patients, including multiple cavities in 23/39 (38.3%). The late results were studied after 3–12 months. The median follow-up was 7 (4; 8) months. The primary endpoint was the rate of non-recurrence cases (treatment effectiveness), the secondary ones were the assessment of continence, pain syndrome, risk factors for unsatisfactory results (recurrence).</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: the effectiveness of the LRF method was 48/60 (80%; 95% CI 67.7; 89.2) cases. Sphincterometry and Wexner’s incontinence scale showed no worsening of continence after surgical treatment (1 (0; 3) point before the surgery and 2 (0; 3) points after 3–6 months (p = 0.68)). The assessment of risk factors for unsatisfactory results of LRF application revealed such factors as excess body weight (body mass index ≥ 30.7 kg/m²) (body mass index ≥ 30.7 kg/m²) (odds ratio (OR) = 1.14 (95% coincidence interval (CI) 1.02; 1.29), p = 0.02); purulent intersphincteric leaks (OR = 5.50 (95% CI 1.14; 26.6), р = 0.03); purulent ischioanal leaks(OR = 16.8 (95% CI 3.20; 7.55), р = 0.0009) and purulent pelviorectal leaks(OR = 7.86 (95% CI 1.69; 36.6), р = 0.008), as well as multiple purulent cavities (OR = 4.40 (95% CI 1.14; 16.9), р = 0.03).At the same time, the LRF method allows to achieve recovery in 28/39 (71.8%) patients with solitary cavities, and in 15/23 (65.2%) cases of multiple cavities.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: the LRF method allows for the one-stage elimination of “complex” anal fistulas in 80% of cases, without worsening of anal continence. According to the Visual Analogue Scale, the median score did not exceed 3 for the entire follow-up period, what corresponds to a low level of pain; at the same time, the maximum intensity was noted on the 2–4 days after surgery, whereas by the 10 day almost all patients did not experience pain.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>свищ прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>СПК</kwd><kwd>латеральный прямой кишечный лоскут</kwd><kwd>ЛПЛ</kwd><kwd>ликвидация свища прямой</kwd><kwd>гнойные затеки</kwd><kwd>превентивная лигатура</kwd><kwd>недостаточность анального сфинктера</kwd><kwd>НАС</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anal fistula</kwd><kwd>RF</kwd><kwd>lateral rectal flap</kwd><kwd>LRF</kwd><kwd>anal incontinence</kwd><kwd>AI</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Oostendorp JY, Verkade C, Han-Geurts IJM, et al. 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