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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gnck</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Колопроктология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Koloproktologia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7556</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7303</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Association of Coloproctology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33878/2073-7556-2026-25-1-12-18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gnck-2106</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬЯ НОМЕРА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LEADING ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Молекулярно-генетическое исследование российских пациентов с подозрением на синдром ювенильного полипоза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Molecular genetic testing of russian patients with suspected juvenile polyposis syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4533-6555</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Власко</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlasko</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ta.vlasko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7248-111X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логинова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loginova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1443-960X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баринов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barinov</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7203-1859</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономаренко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8571-7462</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цуканов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsukanov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ колопроктологии имени А.Н. Рыжих» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Власко Т.А., Логинова А.Н., Баринов А.А., Пономаренко А.А., Цуканов А.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Власко Т.А., Логинова А.Н., Баринов А.А., Пономаренко А.А., Цуканов А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vlasko T.A., Loginova A.N., Barinov A., Ponomarenko A.A., Tsukanov A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/2106">https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/2106</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ: продемонстрировать результаты молекулярно-генетического исследования пациентов с подозрением на синдром ювенильного полипоза.</p></sec><sec><title>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ: молекулярно-генетическое исследование проведено у 30 пациентов из 28 семей (в одной семье было сразу 3 пораженных родственника), которые наблюдались с 2012 по 2024 гг. ДНК выделяли из лейкоцитов периферической крови пациентов. Первым этапом секвенировали гены SMAD4 (NM_005359.6) и BMPR1A (NM_004329.3) методом Сэнгера, далее проводили поиск крупных перестроек методом MLPA. Последним этапом ДНК пациентов исследовали методом полноэкзомного секвенирования, с подтверждением выявленных вариантов методом секвенирования по Сэнгеру.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: при молекулярно-генетическом исследовании патогенные и вероятно патогенные варианты генов BMPR1A и SMAD4 были обнаружены в 18/28 семей (64,3%). В гене BMPR1A выявлено 11/18 (61,1%) наследственных вариантов, из которых 3 крупные делеции, в гене SMAD4 — 7/18 (38,9%) наследственных вариантов, среди них 1 крупная делеция и 1 крупная дупликация. Таким образом, сразу 5/18 (27,8%) наследственных вариантов данных генов являются крупными перестройками. В 5 семьях найдены ранее не описанные в мире герминальные варианты (3 — в гене BMPR1A, и 2 — в гене SMAD4), для всех установлено вероятно патогенное значение.</p></sec><sec><title>ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ВЫВОДЫ: всем пациентам с подозрением на синдром ювенильного полипоза необходимо исследование генов SMAD4 и BMPR1A методами секвенирования по Сэнгеру и MLPA, а при отрицательном результате — с помощью метода высокопроизводительного секвенирования; больным с наличием 20 и более аденоматозных новообразований толстой кишки, но с отсутствием патогенных/вероятно патогенных вариантов в генах APC и MUTYH, целесообразно сразу выполнять полноэкзомное секвенирование.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: to present the results of molecular genetic testing in patients with suspected juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS).</p></sec><sec><title>PATIENTS AND METHODS</title><p>PATIENTS AND METHODS: molecular genetic testing was performed on 30 patients from 28 families (one family had three affected relatives) who were followed from 2012 to 2024. DNA was isolated from patients’ peripheral blood leukocytes. The initial step involved Sanger sequencing of the SMAD4 (NM_005359.6) and BMPR1A (NM_004329.3) genes, followed by screening for large rearrangements using MLPA (Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification). Finally, patient DNA was analyzed by whole-exome sequencing (WES), with confirmation of identified variants by Sanger sequencing.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in the BMPR1A and SMAD4 genes were identified in 18 out of 28 families (64.3%). In the BMPR1A gene, 11 out of 18 (61.1%) germline variants were found, including three large deletions. In the SMAD4 gene, 7 out of 18 (38.9%) germline variants were detected, including one large deletion and one large duplication. Thus, 5 out of 18 (27.8%) germline variants in these genes were large rearrangements. In five families, previously unreported germline variants were identified (three in BMPR1A and two in SMAD4), all classified as likely pathogenic.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: all patients with suspected juvenile polyposis syndrome should be tested for SMAD4 and BMPR1A mutations using Sanger sequencing and MLPA. If the result is negative, high-throughput sequencing should be employed. For patients with 20 or more adenomatous colorectal neoplasms but no pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in the APC and MUTYH genes, it is advisable to proceed directly to whole-exome sequencing.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром ювенильного полипоза</kwd><kwd>SMAD4</kwd><kwd>BMPR1A</kwd><kwd>ДНК-диагностика</kwd><kwd>MLPA</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>juvenile polyposis syndrome</kwd><kwd>SMAD4</kwd><kwd>BMPR1A</kwd><kwd>DNA diagnostics</kwd><kwd>MLPA</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Syngal S, Brand RE, Church JM, et al. ACG clinical guideline: Genetic testing and management of hereditary gastrointestinal cancer syndromes. Am J Gastroenterol. 2015;110(2):223-262. doi:10.1038/ajg.2014.435</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Syngal S, Brand RE, Church JM, et al. 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(in Russ.). doi:10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-6-51-57</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
