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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gnck</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Колопроктология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Koloproktologia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7556</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7303</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Association of Coloproctology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33878/2073-7556-2026-25-1-101-115</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gnck-2063</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Спорные вопросы диагностики и многоэтапного хирургического лечения пациентов с внебрюшинными ранениями прямой кишки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Controversial issues of diagnosis and multi-stage surgical treatment in patients with extraperitoneal rectal wounds</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4519-0018</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суров</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Surov</surname><given-names>Dmitrii A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Суров Дмитрий Александрович — д.м.н., профессор, начальник кафедры военно-морской хирургии</p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6Ж, г. Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akademika Lebedeva st., 6J, Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sda120675@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3249-233X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еселевич</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eselevich</surname><given-names>Roman V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Еселевич Роман Владимирович — к.м.н., начальник хирургического отделения клиники кафедры военно-морской хирургии</p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6Ж, г. Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p><p>пр-т Кондратьевский, д. 72, литер А, г. Санкт-Петербург, 195271</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akademika Lebedeva st., 6J, Saint Petersburg, 194044</p><p>Kondratievsky Ave., 72, letter A, St. Petersburg, 195271</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">r_eselevich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3105-764X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алимов</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alimov</surname><given-names>Pavel A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алимов Павел Алимович — слушатель ординатуры</p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6Ж, г. Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akademika Lebedeva st., 6J, Saint Petersburg, 194044</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alimowpawel@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7826-8056</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балюра</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balura</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балюра Олег Валерьевич — к.м.н., старший преподаватель  кафедры военно-морской хирургии</p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6Ж, г. Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p><p>пр-т Кондратьевский, д. 72, литер А, г. Санкт-Петербург, 195271</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akademika Lebedeva st., 6J, Saint Petersburg, 194044</p><p>Kondratievsky Ave., 72, letter A, St. Petersburg, 195271</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olegbalura@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7526-6282</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцев</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantsev</surname><given-names>Valery N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Румянцев Валерий Николаевич — к.м.н., преподаватель кафедры военно-морской хирургии</p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6Ж, г. Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akademika Lebedeva st., 6J, Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctorelanmp@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3804-6245</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бардаков</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bardakov</surname><given-names>Sergey N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бардаков Сергей Николаевич — к.м.н., преподаватель кафедры нервных болезней, кафедры нефрологии и эфферентной терапии</p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6Ж, г. Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akademika Lebedeva st., 6J, Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">epistaxis@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0897-8921</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зотов</surname><given-names>К. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zotov</surname><given-names>Konstantin Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зотов Константин Юрьевич — слушатель ординатуры</p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6Ж, г. Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akademika Lebedeva st., 6J, Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Zotov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8408-5301</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчинников</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovchinnikov</surname><given-names>Dmitrii V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Овчинников Дмитрий Валерьевич — к.м.н., доцент, начальник отдела организации научной работы и подготовки научно-педагогических кадров</p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6Ж, г. Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akademika Lebedeva st., 6J, Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dv.ovchinnikov-vma@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1644-1014</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дымников</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dymnikov</surname><given-names>Denis А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дымников Денис Александрович — к.м.н., доцент, заместитель начальника кафедры военно-морской хирургии</p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6Ж, г. Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akademika Lebedeva st., 6J, Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dym82@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4579-2027</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коржук</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korzhuk</surname><given-names>Mikhail S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коржук Михаил Сергеевич — д.м.н., профессор, старший преподаватель кафедры военно-морской хирургии</p><p>ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6Ж, г. Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akademika Lebedeva st., 6J, Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gensurg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова»; ЧОУВО «Санкт-Петербургский медико-социальный институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy; St. Petersburg Medical and social institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>101</fpage><lpage>115</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Суров Д.А., Еселевич Р.В., Алимов П.А., Балюра О.В., Румянцев В.Н., Бардаков С.Н., Зотов К.Ю., Овчинников Д.В., Дымников Д.А., Коржук М.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Суров Д.А., Еселевич Р.В., Алимов П.А., Балюра О.В., Румянцев В.Н., Бардаков С.Н., Зотов К.Ю., Овчинников Д.В., Дымников Д.А., Коржук М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Surov D.A., Eselevich R.V., Alimov P.A., Balura O.V., Rumyantsev V.N., Bardakov S.N., Zotov K.Y., Ovchinnikov D.V., Dymnikov D.А., Korzhuk M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/2063">https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/2063</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ: оценить приверженность практикующих хирургов к методам диагностики и хирургического лечения пострадавших с внебрюшинными ранениями прямой кишки на различных уровнях оказания медицинской помощи (УМП).</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: в октябре 2024 года проведено обсервационное поперечное исследование методов диагностики и хирургической тактики лечения пострадавших с внебрюшинными ранениями прямой кишки с использованием анонимного опросника в виде онлайн-формы, в котором приняли участие 75 хирургов. Респонденты были распределены на четыре группы в зависимости от характеристик этапа медицинской эвакуации (ЭМЭ). Критерии включения: хирург-респондент должен иметь опыт оказания хирургической помощи на одном из перечисленных УМП. Критерии исключения: отсутствие у респондента опыта оказания хирургической помощи на перечисленных УМП.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: опрос хирургов на различных УМП выявил отсутствие или низкую внутреннюю согласованность в большинстве ответов респондентов на каждом ЭМЭ. Средняя степень согласованности достигнута при ответе на вопросы о способе и целях выполнения рутинного дренирования клетчаточных пространств таза. В ответах на вопрос о последовательности выполнения оперативных приемов при экстраперитонеальных повреждениях прямой кишки коэффициент АС1 Гвета приближается к средней степени согласованности (0,383 (95% доверительный интервал: 0,119; 0,647)).</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: одним из вариантов формирования единого подхода к оказанию хирургической помощи при внебрюшинных ранениях прямой кишки является проведение исследования с применением Дельфийского метода и привлечением группы экспертов, с последующей разработкой и внедрением в практику на основе консенсусного решения алгоритмов лечения данного вида ранений на ЭМЭ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: to assess the adherence of surgeons to various methods of diagnosis and surgical treatment of patients with extraperitoneal rectal wounds at different levels of medical care.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: in October 2024, an observational cross-sectional study for patients with extraperitoneal rectal wounds was done using an anonymous questionnaire online, in which 75 surgeons took part. Respondents were divided into four groups depending on the characteristics of the medical evacuation stage. Inclusion criteria: the respondent surgeon must have experience in providing surgical care at one of the listed levels of medical care. Exclusion criteria: the respondent has no experience in providing surgical care at the listed levels of medical care.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: a survey of surgeons at various levels of medical care revealed a lack of or low internal consistency in most of the respondents’ answers at each level of medical care. A moderate degree of consistency was achieved when answering questions about the method and purposes of performing routine drainage of pelvic cellular spaces. In the answers to the question about the sequence of performing surgical techniques for extraperitoneal injuries of the rectum, the AC1 Gvet coefficient approaches the mean degree of agreement (0.383 (95% confidence interval: 0.119; 0.647)).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: one of the options for unified approach to providing surgical care for extraperitoneal rectal wounds is to conduct a study using by the Delphi method with the involvement of a group of experts, followed by the development and implementation, based on a consensus decision, of algorithms for the treatment of this type of injury at the stages of medical evacuation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внебрюшинные повреждения прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>4D—концепция</kwd><kwd>контроль повреждений</kwd><kwd>многоэтапное хирургическое лечение</kwd><kwd>огнестрельные ранения</kwd><kwd>параректальное дренирование</kwd><kwd>этапы медицинской эвакуации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>extraperitoneal rectal injuries</kwd><kwd>4D-concept</kwd><kwd>damage control</kwd><kwd>multi-stage surgical treatment</kwd><kwd>gunshot wounds</kwd><kwd>pararectal drainage</kwd><kwd>stages of medical evacuation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Коллектив авторов выражает благодарность Ибрагимову Александру Рефатовичу за подготовку иллюстрации к рукописи.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The team of authors expresses its gratitude to Ibragimov Alexander Refatovich for preparing the illustrations for the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ким И.Ю., Панов В.В., Мусаилов В.А. 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