gnckКолопроктологияKoloproktologia2073-75562686-7303Russian Association of Coloproctology10.33878/2073-7556-2025-24-4-167-176gnck-2056Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWПрименение фибринового клея и биопластических имплантов в лечении свищей прямой кишки (обзор литературы)Fibrin glue and bioplastic implants in treatment of rectal fistulas (review)https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3935-674XЛазаревК. А.LazarevK. A.

Лазарев Кирилл Алексеевич — врач-колопроктолог 

ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва,123423

Kirill A. Lazarev

Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423

lazarev.k1996@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6679-1843ВышегородцевД. В.VyshegorodcevD. V.

Вышегородцев Дмитрий Вячеславович — д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник

ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва,123423

Dmitriy V. Vyshegorodcev

Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-052XБогормистровИ. С.BogormistrovI. S.

Богормистров Илья Сергеевич — к.м.н., врач-колопроктолог 

ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва,123423

Ilya S. Bogormistrov

Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2619-5929КороликВ. Ю.KorolikV. Yu.

Королик Вячеслав Юрьевич — к.м.н., научный сотрудник отдела общей проктологии

ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва,123423

Vyacheslav Yu. Korolik

Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423

ФГБУ «НМИЦ колопроктологии имени А.Н. Рыжих» Минздрава РоссииРоссияRyzhikh National Medical Research Center of ColoproctologyRussian Federation202519112025244167176Copyright © Лазарев К.А., Вышегородцев Д.В., Богормистров И.С., Королик В.Ю., 20252025Лазарев К.А., Вышегородцев Д.В., Богормистров И.С., Королик В.Ю.Lazarev K.A., Vyshegorodcev D.V., Bogormistrov I.S., Korolik V.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/2056ВВЕДЕНИЕ

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: для лечения свищей прямой кишки используются различные хирургические методы, однако все они не исключают травматического воздействия на структуры анального жома. Одним из наиболее серьезных осложнений является развитие послеоперационной недостаточности анального сфинктера. Однако применение различных биоматериалов вносит определенный вклад в развитие малоинвазивных операций, не оказывающих отрицательного воздействия на запирательный аппарат прямой кишки.

ЦЕЛЬ

ЦЕЛЬ: оценить эффективность применения фибринового клея и биопластических имплантов в лечении свищей прямой кишки.

ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ

ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ: для подготовки обзора был произведен поиск литературы в наукометрических базах данных PubMed, eLibrary и Kohrane. Было найдено 842 статьи по применению биопластических материалов и фибринового клея в лечении свищей прямой кишки. Отбор статей происходил по следующим критериям: структурированность, логичность, актуальность и доказательность (наличие подтверждающих факты ссылок на оригинальные исследования) текста, информация о тематике публикаций автора, количество цитирований статей. Параметром исключения были свищи, ассоциированные с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника, посттравматические и постлучевые. После анализа текста статей, было отобрано 20 статей, из них 19 англоязычных и 1 статья русскоязычная в период с 2009 по 2023 гг.

ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ

ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: представленные в обзоре методы лечения свищей прямой кишки с применение биопластических материалов не оказывают отрицательного влияния на функциональные показатели мышц запирательного аппарата прямой кишки, однако многие из них сопровождаются высоким процентом развития рецидива заболевания. Учитывая безопасность использования биоматериалов, несмотря на высокий риск развития рецидива, применение их оправдано в качестве первой линии лечения свищей прямой кишки. Однако требуется дальнейшее изучение факторов риска развития рецидивов и модернизация методик с их учетом.

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION: various surgical techniques are used in rectal fistula treatment however all of them can negatively effect on anal sphincter. One of the most serious complications is the development of postoperative insufficiency of the anal sphincter. The introduction of various bioplastic materials significantly influences on the development of low-traumatic operations.

AIM

AIM: to evaluate the effectiveness of fibrin glue and bioplastic implants usage in treatment of rectal fistulas.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

PATIENTS AND METHODS: literature background was searched in several databases: PubMed, eLibrary and Kohrane. 842 articles on bioplastic implants and fibrin glue were found. The articles were selected according to the following criteria: the structure, consistency, relevance and evidence (the presence of supporting links to original research) of the text, information about the author’s publications’ subjects, the number of citations of the articles. The exclusion criteria were fistulas associated with inflammatory bowel diseases, post-traumatic and post-radiation ones. After analyzing the text 20 articles were selected: 19 of them in English and 1 article in Russian in the period from 2009 to 2023.

CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION: the methods presented in this review do not aggravate the muscle functional indicators of the anal sphincter; however they show high percentage of disease recurrence. Considering the safety of the techniques, they can be used as the first line of treatment for rectal fistulas. However, it is necessary to study the risk factors of fistula recurrence and to modify the methods according to them.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.