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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gnck</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Колопроктология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Koloproktologia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7556</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7303</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Association of Coloproctology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33878/2073-7556-2025-24-3-55-62</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gnck-2039</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Предикторы возникновения рецидива ректовагинальных свищей у пациенток с болезнью Крона</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Predictors of rectovaginal fistula recurrence in patients with Crohn's disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-2600</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аносов</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anosov</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аносов Иван Сергеевич — к.м.н., заведующий отделом малоинвазивной проктологии.</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan S. Anosov.</p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6076-5192</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерышова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eryshova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ерышова Татьяна Артёмовна — врач-колопроктолог отделения малоинвазивной проктологии и тазовой хирургии.</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Eryshova.</p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">teryshova.7@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0556-1782</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хрюкин</surname><given-names>Р. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khryukin</surname><given-names>R. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хрюкин Роман Юрьевич — к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник отдела малоинвазивной проктологии.</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman Yu. Khryukin.</p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3316-7041</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елфимова</surname><given-names>Ю. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Elfimova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елфимова Юлия Алексеевна — клинический ординатор отделения малоинвазивной проктологии и тазовой хирургии.</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia A. Elfimova.</p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8332-7540</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселёв</surname><given-names>Д. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiselev</surname><given-names>D. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киселёв Дмитрий Олегович — к.м.н., врач ультразвуковой диагностики.</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry O. Kiselev.</p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1636-8075</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Титов Александр Юрьевич — д.м.н., главный научный сотрудник.</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr Yu. Titov.</p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ колопроктологии имени А.Н. Рыжих» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аносов И.С., Ерышова Т.А., Хрюкин Р.Ю., Елфимова Ю.A., Киселёв Д.О., Титов А.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аносов И.С., Ерышова Т.А., Хрюкин Р.Ю., Елфимова Ю.A., Киселёв Д.О., Титов А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Anosov I.S., Eryshova T.A., Khryukin R.Y., Elfimova Y.A., Kiselev D.O., Titov A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/2039">https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/2039</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ: хирургическое лечение ректовагинальных свищей (РВС) при болезни Крона (БК) сопряжено с высокой частотой развития рецидива заболевания.</p><p>ЦЕЛЬЮ данного исследования являлось определение факторов риска, влияющих на частоту возникновения рецидива РВС у пациенток с БК.</p></sec><sec><title>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ: проведен ретроспективный анализ результатов лечения 60 пациенток с перианальными проявлениями болезни Крона в виде ректовагинальных свищей, оперированных в период с 2016 по 2024 гг. С целью выявления факторов, влияющих на частоту возникновения рецидива свища, были собраны и проанализированы клинико-анамнестические данные 28 пациенток, перенесших радикальное лечение РВС.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: период наблюдения за пациентками после операции составил 3–12 месяцев. По данным клинико-инструментальных обследований, рецидив заболевания диагностирован у 11/28 (39%) женщин. По результатам многофакторного анализа, независимыми факторами, повышающими вероятность возникновения рецидива РВС, являются отсутствие проведения дренирующей латексной лигатуры в качестве 1 этапа хирургического лечения до ликвидации ректовагинального свища (отношение шансов (ОШ) = 27,49; 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ): 2,02–374,8; p = 0,013), а также отсутствие применения генно-инженерных биологических препаратов для лечения болезни Крона (ОШ = 15,77; 95% ДИ: 1,13–220,4; p = 0,04) повышают вероятность возникновения рецидива РВС.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: пациенты с ректовагинальными свищами представляют собой наиболее сложную когорту больных с перианальными поражениями при болезни Крона в связи со значительной частотой их рецидивирования, однако комбинированное двухэтапное лечение и тщательная оценка факторов риска в предоперационном периоде позволяет улучшить результаты хирургического лечения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: to determine the risk factors rectovaginal fistula (RVF) recurrence in patients with CD.</p></sec><sec><title>PATIENTS AND METHODS</title><p>PATIENTS AND METHODS: a retrospective analysis included 60 patients with perianal fistulizing Crohn disease and rectovaginal fistulas (2016–2024). In order to identify the risk factors of RVF recurrence, the clinical and history data of 28 patients who underwent radical treatment for RVF were collected and analyzed.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: the follow-up period for the patients after surgery was 3–12 moths. According to clinical and instrumental data, recurrence of the disease occurred in 11/28 (39%) females. Multifactorial analysis showed increase the likeli-hood of RVF recurrence was the avoid of a loose seton at the first stage (odds ratio (ОR) = 27.49; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.02–374.8; p = 0.013). Absence of biological therapy to treat Crohn's disease (ОR = 15.77; 95% CI: 1.13–220.4; p = 0.04) reduces the incidence of RVF recurrence as well.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: patients with RVF represent the most challenging cohort of patients with perianal fistulizing Crohn disease (PFCD) due the significant recurrence rate, however combined two-step approach and careful assessment of risk factors before surgery improve the results.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ректовагинальный свищ</kwd><kwd>болезнь Крона</kwd><kwd>перианальные проявления болезни Крона</kwd><kwd>ППБК</kwd><kwd>РВС</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rectovaginal fistula</kwd><kwd>Crohn's disease</kwd><kwd>perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease</kwd><kwd>PFCD</kwd><kwd>RVF</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белоус С.С., Выкова Б.А., Аносов И.С., и соавт. 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