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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gnck</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Колопроктология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Koloproktologia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7556</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7303</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Association of Coloproctology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33878/2073-7556-2025-24-3-106-114</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gnck-2023</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние сроков ликвидации превентивной илеостомы на частоту развития выраженного синдрома низкой передней резекции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of the timing of the elimination of preventive ileostomy on the incidence of severe low anterior resection syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кит</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kit</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кит Олег Иванович — д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, Генеральный директор.</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg I. Kit.</p><p>14th Line st., 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rnioi@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-4551</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондаренко</surname><given-names>О. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondarenko</surname><given-names>O. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бондаренко Ольга Константиновна — врач-онколог отделения абдоминальной онкологии № 2.</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p><p>тел.: +7 (988) 562-89-93</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga K. Bondarenko.</p><p>14th Line st., 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037</p><p>tel.: +7 (988) 562-89-93</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bondarenkoo.olga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1957-7363</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Геворкян</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gevorkyan</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Геворкян Юрий Артушевич — д.м.н., профессор, заведующий отделением абдоминальной онкологии № 2.</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri A. Gevorkyan.</p><p>14th Line st., 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gevorkyan.000@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0118-4935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдаткина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatkina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солдаткина Наталья Васильевна — д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Soldatkina.</p><p>14th Line st., 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">snv-rnioi@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-9662</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусарева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusareva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гусарева Марина Александровна — к.м.н., заведующая отделением радиологии.</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Gusareva.</p><p>14th Line st., 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oncorad@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-1502</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кошелева</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosheleva</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кошелева Наталия Геннадьевна — врач-радиотерапевт отделения радиотерапии.</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia G. Kosheleva.</p><p>14th Line st., 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalya.doctorko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4562-1199</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петров Дмитрий Сергеевич — к.м.н., заместитель генерального директора по хирургии.</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry S. Petrov.</p><p>14th Line st., 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petrov2010dmitry@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2496-2728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савченко</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchenko</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савченко Дмитрий Александрович — врач-онколог КДО.</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Savchenko.</p><p>14th Line st., 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doc.sav.rnd@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>106</fpage><lpage>114</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кит О.И., Бондаренко О.К., Геворкян Ю.А., Солдаткина Н.В., Гусарева М.А., Кошелева Н.Г., Петров Д.С., Савченко Д.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кит О.И., Бондаренко О.К., Геворкян Ю.А., Солдаткина Н.В., Гусарева М.А., Кошелева Н.Г., Петров Д.С., Савченко Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kit O.I., Bondarenko O.K., Gevorkyan Y.A., Soldatkina N.V., Gusareva M.A., Kosheleva N.G., Petrov D.S., Savchenko D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/2023">https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/2023</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ: изучение влияния раннего закрытия илеостомы на частоту развития синдрома низкой передней резекции (СНПР) у пациентов после низкой передней резекции по поводу рака прямой кишки.</p></sec><sec><title>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ: с августа 2022 г. по ноябрь 2024 г. 100 больным раком прямой кишки была проведена лучевая терапия суммарной очаговой дозой 50–54 Гр с радиомодификацией капецитабином и выполнена низкая передняя резекция прямой кишки с превентивной илеостомией. Первичной конечной точкой исследования была частота выраженного СНПР через 3 месяца после закрытия илеостомы. Вторичные конечные точки включали частоту и степень клинических проявлений аноректальной дисфункции, оценку анальной инконтиненции по шкале Wexner, общее распределение СНПР (отсутствие, слабовыраженный, выраженный) и частоту послеоперационных осложнений. Больные были рандомизированы на две группы: с ранним закрытием илеостомы через 6 (5; 7) недель после низкой передней резекции прямой кишки (50 пациентов) и с поздним закрытием илеостомы через 24,5 (20; 29) недель (50 пациентов). Через 3 месяца после закрытия илеостомы проводили анкетирование с помощью шкал LARS и Wexner.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ: результаты, полученные через 3 месяца после закрытия илеостомы, показали преимущества группы раннего закрытия илеостомы. По данным шкалы GIFO, в этой группе значительно реже встречали клинические проявления аноректальной дисфункции (p &lt; 0,05). Согласно шкале LARS, частота СНПР в группе раннего закрытия илеостомы составила 40%, в то время как в группе позднего закрытия — 70% (ОШ (отношение шансов) = 3,50; 95% ДИ (доверительный интервал): 1,49–8,23; p = 0,0046). При этом, выраженный СНПР наблюдали у 6% и у 26% пациентов, соответственно (ОШ = 0,12; 95% ДИ: 0,03–0,43; p = 0,012). Оценка по шкале Wexner также была значительно лучше в группе раннего закрытия (5 (4;8) баллов) по сравнению с группой позднего закрытия (9 (8;10) баллов, p &lt; 0,0001). Относительно осложнений в группе позднего закрытия илеостомы отмечали значимо большую частоту обострения диверсионного или иного колита (21/50 (42%) против 6/50 (12%) случаев, р = 0,0014).</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: в ходе проведенной работы было установлено, что через 3 месяца после закрытия илеостомы у пациентов группы раннего закрытия проявления аноректальной дисфункции наблюдали в меньшей степени по сравнению с пациентами группы позднего закрытия.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: to study the effect of early ileostomy closure on the incidence of low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) in patients with rectal cancer.</p></sec><sec><title>PATIENTS AND METHODS</title><p>PATIENTS AND METHODS: one-hundred patients with rectal cancer underwent radiation therapy with a total focal dose of 50-54 Gy with radiomodification with capecitabine and low anterior rectal resection with preventive ileostomy. The primary endpoint of the study was the incidence of significant anorectal dysfunction at 3 months after ileostomy closure. Secondary endpoints included the incidence and severity of clinical manifestations of anorectal dysfunction, anal incontinence score according to the Wexner scale, overall distribution of anorectal dysfunction (absent, mild, severe) and the incidence of postoperative complications. Patients were randomized into two groups: with early ileostomy closure within 6 (5; 7) weeks after low anterior rectal resection (50 patients) and with late ileostomy closure after 24.5 (20; 29) weeks (50 patients). Three months after ileostomy closure, a questionnaire was done using the LARS and Wexner scales.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS OF THE STUDY</title><p>RESULTS OF THE STUDY: the results obtained at 3 months after ileostomy closure showed advantages of the early ileostomy closure group. According to the GIFO scale, clinical manifestations of anorectal dysfunction were significantly less common in this group (p &lt; 0.05). According to the LARS scale, the incidence of anorectal dysfunction in the early ileostomy closure group was 40%, while in the late closure group it was 70% (OR (odds ratio) = 3.50; 95% CI (confidence interval): 1.49–8.23; p = 0.0046). Moreover, severe LARS was detected in 6% and 26% of patients, respectively (OR = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.03–0.43; p = 0.012). The Wexner scale score was also significantly better in the early closure group (5 (4; 8) points) compared to the late closure group (9 (8; 10) points, p &lt; 0.0001). With regard to the complications that developed in the late ileostomy closure group, a significantly higher incidence of colitis was noted (21/50 (42%) versus 6/50 (12%) cases, p = 0.0014).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: in the course of the conducted work it was established that 3 months after ileostomy closure, patients in the early closure group showed less manifestations of anorectal dysfunction compared to patients in the late closure group.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>синдром низкой передней резекции</kwd><kwd>аноректальная манометрия высокого разрешения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rectal cancer</kwd><kwd>low anterior resection syndrome</kwd><kwd>high-resolution anorectal manometry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pape E, Pattyn P, Van Hecke A, et al. 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