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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gnck</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Колопроктология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Koloproktologia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7556</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7303</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Association of Coloproctology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33878/2073-7556-2023-22-4-113-120</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gnck-1852</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CASE REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эмфизема как осложнение трансанальной эндомикрохирургии (описание клинических случаев и систематический обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Emphysema as a complication after transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) (case report and review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3399-0608</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хомяков</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khomyakov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хомяков Е.А. — к.м.н., научный сотрудник отдела онкопроктологии, ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423;</p><p>ассистент кафедры колопроктологии, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, г. Москва, 125993</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy A. Khomyakov, Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423;</p><p>Barrikadnaya st., 2/1, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgeniy.khomyakov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6076-5192</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерышова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eryshova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ерышова Т.А. — ординатор,</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Eryshova,</p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6820-0696</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капитанов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapitanov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Капитанов М.В. — врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог,</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Kapitanov,</p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6212-9454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернышов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyshov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чернышов С.В. — д.м.н., заведующий 6 хирургическим отделением малоинвазивной онкопроктологии,</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav V. Chernyshov,</p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3919-9067</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбаков</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybakov</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рыбаков Е.Г. — д.м.н., профессор РАН, руководитель отдела онкопроктологии,</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny G. Rybakov,</p><p>Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ колопроктологии имени А.Н. Рыжих» Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГБОУ РМАНПО Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology; &#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ колопроктологии имени А.Н. Рыжих» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>113</fpage><lpage>120</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хомяков Е.А., Ерышова Т.А., Капитанов М.В., Чернышов С.В., Рыбаков Е.Г., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хомяков Е.А., Ерышова Т.А., Капитанов М.В., Чернышов С.В., Рыбаков Е.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khomyakov E.A., Eryshova T.A., Kapitanov M.V., Chernyshov S.V., Rybakov E.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/1852">https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/1852</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение: трансанальная эндомикрохирургия (ТЭМ) — безопасный и эффективный способ локального удаления доброкачественных и ранних форм злокачественных опухолей прямой кишки. Эмфизема клетчаточных пространств является редким осложнением трансанальных операций, встречающимся лишь в 1,5% случаев в структуре соответствующих нежелательных явлений. В связи с редкостью этого осложнения после ТЭМ, отсутствует общепринятая тактика ведения больных в послеоперационном периоде. ЦЕЛЬ: определение диагностического алгоритма и тактики лечения больных с эмфиземой клетчаточных пространств после ТЭМ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: поиск литературы проводился в базах данных PubMed и e-Library по ключевым словам: «transanal», «emphysema», «microsurgery», «pneumoperitoneum». Данные о пациентах, симптомах осложнения, тактике лечения и исходах были извлечены и систематизированы в соответствии с приведенной в источниках информации.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: эмфизема клетчаточных пространств, как осложнение ТЭМ, возникает лишь в 0,02% случаев. Основные симптомы — крепитация в нижних отделах живота и температура. СРБ и лейкоцитоз — надежные маркеры интенсивности воспаления. Методом выбора для диагностики является компьютерная томография. Купирование симптомов эмфиземы возможно консервативными методами. Вопрос о формировании стомы должен быть решен индивидуально.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: накопление опыта лечения эмфиземы клетчаточных пространств после ТЭМ позволит сформировать единый подход к тактике ведения данных больных.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) is a safe method of local excision of benign tumor and early cancer. Emphysema is rare complication after transanal procedures, occurring only in 1.5%. There is no accepted approach for these patients. AIM: definition and treatment options of ectopic air after TEM.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods: the search was performed using PubMed and e-Library database with the following keywords: «transanal», «emphysema», «microsurgery», «pneumoperitoneum». Data about patients, symptoms, complications, treatment and results were extracted and systematized.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: the clinical emphysema rate after TEM was 0,02%. The most frequent symptoms is crepitation in lower abdomen and fever. Increase in C-reactive protein level and leukocytosis — important markers. The method of choice for diagnosis is computed tomography. Management of emphysema symptoms is possible with conservative methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: the accumulation of experience in the treatment of emphysema after TEM will allow a unified approach of managing these patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансанальная эндомикрохирургия</kwd><kwd>эмфизема</kwd><kwd>рак прямой кишки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>transanal microsurgery</kwd><kwd>emphysema</kwd><kwd>rectal cancer</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хомяков Е.А., Чернышов С.В., Рыбаков Е.Г., и соавт. Результаты 600 трансанальных эндоскопических операций по поводу аденом и аденокарцином прямой кишки. Колопроктология. 2019;69(3):20–40. doi: 10.33878/2073-7556-2019-18-3-20-40</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khomyakov E.A., Chernyshov S.V., Rybakov E.G., et al. 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