gnckКолопроктологияKoloproktologia2073-75562686-7303Russian Association of Coloproctology10.33878/2073-7556-2023-22-1-128-137gnck-1779Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ, МЕТАНАЛИЗREVIEWПерианальные свищи при болезни Крона (обзор литературы)Perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-2600АносовИ. С.AnosovI. S.

Аносов Иван Сергеевич — кандидат медицинских наук, врач- колопроктолог отделения общей и реконструктивной колопроктологии 

ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423

Ivan S. Anosov

Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423

polikarpova-e@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1697-4670НанаеваБ. А.NanaevaB. A.

Нанаева Бэлла Александровна — кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая гастроэнтерологическим отделением 

ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423

Bella A. Nanaeva

Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6781-2458ВарданянА. В.VardanyanA. V.

Варданян Армен Восканович — кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением хирургии воспалительных заболеваний кишечника 

ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423

Armen V. Vardanyan

Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8413-8709ЗахаровМ. А.ZakharovM. A.

Захаров Марк Александрович — аспирант отделения общей и реконструктивной колопроктологии 

ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2, г. Москва, 123423

Mark A. Zakharov

Salyama Adilya st., 2, Moscow, 123423

ФГБУ «НМИЦ колопроктологии имени А.Н. Рыжих» Минздрава РоссииРоссияRyzhih National Medical Research Centreof ColoproctologyRussian Federation202321032023221128137Copyright © Аносов И.С., Нанаева Б.А., Варданян А.В., Захаров М.А., 20232023Аносов И.С., Нанаева Б.А., Варданян А.В., Захаров М.А.Anosov I.S., Nanaeva B.A., Vardanyan A.V., Zakharov M.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/1779

Лечение прямокишечных свищей как перианальных проявлений болезни Крона (ППБК) является важной задачей, решение которой до сих пор не найдено. В первую очередь, это связано с изнурительными, сни- жающими качество жизни, симптомами. Неправильная тактика в лечении данного заболевания может приводить к развитию анального недержания, а в ряде случаев и к удалению прямой кишки. Целью данного обзора было изучение эффективности различных хирургических методов лечения перианальных пораже- ний, особенностей их применения при различных видах свищей, а также оценка влияния оперативного лечения на функцию запирательного аппарата прямой кишки. Установлено, что большинство описанных методов применялось у строго отобранной ограниченной группы больных и позволяло лишь временно ликвидировать клинические проявления ППБК. Неудовлетворительные результаты лечения, особенно в отдаленном послеоперационном периоде, малое число клинических наблюдений в опубликованных научных работах, посвященных лечению перианальных проявлений болезни Крона, а также низкая достоверность результатов, диктуют необходимость проведения дальнейших исследований с включением большего числа пациентов.

Treatment of аnal fistulas as perianal manifestations of Crohn’s disease is an important task, the solution of which has not yet been found. First of all, this is due to debilitating symptoms that reduce the quality of life. Incorrect tactics in the treatment of this disease can lead to the development of anal incontinence, and in some cases to the removal of the rectum. The purpose of this review was to study the effectiveness of various surgical methods for the treatment of perianal fistulas, the features of their use in various types of fistulas, as well as to assess the impact of surgical treatment on the function of the anal sphincter. It was found that most of the described methods were used in a strictly selected limited group of patients and allowed only temporary elimination of the clinical manifestations of Crohn’s disease. Unsatisfactory results of treatment, especially in the late postoperative period, a small number of clinical observations in published scientific papers on the treatment of perianal manifestations of Crohn’s disease, as well as low reliability of the results, dictate the need for further studies involving more patients.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.