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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gnck</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Колопроктология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Koloproktologia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7556</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7303</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Association of Coloproctology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33878/2073-7556-2022-21-4-111-119</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gnck-1724</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ И МЕТААНАЛИЗ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEWS AND METAANALYSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Псевдомембранозный колит у пациентов с COVID-19  (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pseudomembranous colitis in patients with COVID-19 (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4832-6363</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимербулатов</surname><given-names>Ш. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timerbulatov</surname><given-names>Sh. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Ленина, д. 3, г. Уфа, 450008</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lenin str., 3, Ufa, 450008</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-1308</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимербулатов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timerbulatov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Ленина, д. 3, г. Уфа, 450008</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lenin str., 3, Ufa, 450008</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2302-3745</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмеров</surname><given-names>Д. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmerov</surname><given-names>D. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Блюхера, д. 3, г. Уфа, 450075</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Blucher str., 3, Ufa, 450075</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимербулатов</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timerbulatov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Ленина, д. 3, г. Уфа, 450008</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lenin str., 3, Ufa, 450008</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2874-7213</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гафарова</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gafarova</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Ленина, д. 3, г. Уфа, 450008</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lenin str., 3, Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">argafarova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница №18</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital №18 of the city Ufa</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>111</fpage><lpage>119</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тимербулатов Ш.В., Тимербулатов М.В., Ахмеров Д.Р., Тимербулатов В.М., Гафарова А.Р., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тимербулатов Ш.В., Тимербулатов М.В., Ахмеров Д.Р., Тимербулатов В.М., Гафарова А.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Timerbulatov S.V., Timerbulatov M.V., Akhmerov D.R., Timerbulatov V.M., Gafarova A.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/1724">https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/1724</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ: изучить особенности псевдомембранозного колита у пациентов с COVID-19 — течения, диагностики, консервативного и хирургического лечения при осложнениях.</p></sec><sec><title>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ: проведен ретроспективный анализ 396 пациентов с псевдомембранозным колитом (ПМК) у больных с новой коронавирусной инфекцией за период с марта 2020 г. по ноябрь 2021 г. Среди больных мужчин было 156 (39,3%), женщин — 240 (60,6%), среднетяжелые и тяжелые формы COVID-19 были в 97,48%. Диагноз ПМК устанавливали на основании клинических симптомов, лабораторных, инструментальных методов исследования (кал на C. difficile, колоноскопия, КТ, УЗИ, лапароскопия).</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: частота ПМК при COVID-19, в среднем, составила 1,17%. Все пациенты получали антибактериальную терапию, при этом 2 или 3 антибиотика — 44,6% пациентов, глюкокортикоиды получали также все больные. В 82,8% ПМК развился в период разгара COVID-19. Для уточнения ПМК у 33,8% больных проводили КТ, колоноскопию — 33,08%, лапароскопию — у 37,1% (для исключения перфорации кишки, перитонита). Консервативное лечение было эффективным в 88,8%, у 76 (19,1%) пациентов были показания к хирургическому лечению (перфорация ободочной кишки, перитонит, токсический мегаколон). Чаще всего, при перитоните без явного интраоперационного подтверждения перфорации выполнен лапароскопически лаваж (60 больных — 78,9%, летальность — 15%), резекция ободочной кишки (n = 6 (7,89%), летальность — 66,6%), илео- или колостомию (n = 8 (10,5%), летальность — 37,5%), колэктомию (n = 2 (2,6%), летальность — 50%). Общая послеоперационная летальность составила 22,36%, частота хирургических осложнений — 43,4%. Кроме того, в послеоперационном периоде отмечено развитие таких осложнений, как пневмония — у 76,3%, тромбозы и тромбоэмболия легочной артерии — у 22,3% пациентов. В целом общая летальность у наших пациентов с ПМК составила 11,36%, при консервативном лечении — 8,75%.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: псевдомембранозный колит — тяжелое, жизнеугрожающее осложнение при COVID-19. У подавляющего большинства пациентов была эффективной консервативная терапия, но почти у 1/5 больных возникли показания к хирургическим вмешательствам, последние сопровождаются высокой летальностью и высокой частотой осложнений. Прогресс в лечении ПМК, по-видимому, связан с ранней диагностикой, интенсивной консервативной терапией, а при показаниях к хирургическим вмешательствам — при их выполнении до декомпенсации состояния больных и развития тяжелых интраабдоминальных осложнений и сепсиса.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: to estimate the features of pseudomembranous colitis in patients with COVID-19, diagnostics, conservative treatment and surgery for complications.</p></sec><sec><title>PATIENTS AND METHODS</title><p>PATIENTS AND METHODS: a retrospective analysis of 396 patients with pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) in patients with new coronavirus infection was carried out for the period from March 2020 to November 2021. Among them there were 156 (39.3%) males, females — 240 (60.6%), moderate and severe forms of COVID-19 occurred in 97.48%.</p><p>The diagnosis of PMC was established due to clinical picture, laboratory, instrumental methods (feces on Cl. difficile, colonoscopy, CT, US, laparoscopy).</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: the PMC rate in COVID-19 was 1.17%. All patients received antibiotics, 2 or 3 antibiotics — 44.6%, glucocorticoids were received by all patients. At 82.8%, PMC developed during the peak of COVID-19. To clarify the PMC, CT was performed in 33.8% of patients, colonoscopy — 33.08%, laparoscopy — in 37.1% (to exclude bowel perforation, peritonitis). Conservative treatment was effective in 88.8%, 76 (19.1%) patients had indications for surgery (perforation, peritonitis, toxic megacolon). Most often, with peritonitis without clear intraoperative confirmation of perforation, laparoscopic lavage of the abdominal cavity was performed (60 patients — 78.9%, mortality — 15.0%), colon resection (n = 6 (7.9%), mortality — 66.6%), ileo- or colostomy (n = 8 (10.5%), mortality — 37.5%), colectomy (n = 2 (2.6%), mortality — 50.0%). The overall postoperative mortality rate was 22.4%, the incidence of surgical complications was 43.4%. In addition, in the postoperative period, pneumonia was in 76.3%, thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in 22.3% of patients. In general, the overall mortality in our patients with PMC was 11.4%, with conservative treatment — 8.8%.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: pseudomembranous colitis is a severe, life-threatening complication of COVID-19. In the overwhelming majority of patients, conservative therapy was effective, but almost 1/5 of patients developed indications for surgery, the latter being accompanied by high mortality and a high morbidity rate. Progress in the treatment of PMC, apparently, is associated with early diagnosis, intensive conservative therapy, and in the case of indications for surgery, their implementation before decompensation of the patient’s condition and the development of severe intra-abdominal complications and sepsis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>псевдомембранозный колит</kwd><kwd>консервативное</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd><kwd>летальность</kwd><kwd>осложнения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>pseudomembranous colitis</kwd><kwd>conservative</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd><kwd>complications</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">БГМУ</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pan L., Mu M., Yang l. 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