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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gnck</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Колопроктология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Koloproktologia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7556</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7303</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Association of Coloproctology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33878/2073-7556-2022-21-3-85-91</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gnck-1717</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Психологическая реабилитация больных колоректальным раком</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychological rehabilitation of patients with colorectal cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5793-7529</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткаченко</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkachenko</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ткаченко Галина Андреевна — кандидат психологических наук, медицинский психолог; доцент кафедры психиатрии</p><p>ул. Маршала Тимошенко, 15, г. Москва, 121359ул. Маршала Тимошенко, 19, г. Москва, 121359</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina A. Tkachenko</p><p>Timoshenko str., 15, Moscow, 121359Timoshenko str., 19, Moscow, 121359</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mitg71@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калашникова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalashnikova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калашникова Ирина Анатольевна — кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель</p><p>ул. Саляма Адиля, 2, г. Москва, 123423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Kalashnikova</p><p>Salyama Adilya str., 2, Moscow, 123423</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2461-7905</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусаев</surname><given-names>И. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Musaev</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мусаев Иван Эльмарович — ординатор</p><p>ул. Маршала Тимошенко, 19, г. Москва, 121359</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan E. Musaev</p><p>Timoshenko str., 19, Moscow, 121359</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8129-5394</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмичев</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmichev</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузьмичев Дмитрий Владимирович — доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Каширское шоссе, 23, г. Москва, 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Kuzmichev</p><p>Kashirskoye s., 23, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1148-8051</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полыновский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polinovskiy</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полыновский Андрей Владимирович — кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>Каширское шоссе, 23, г. Москва, 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Polinovskiy</p><p>Kashirskoye s., 23, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центральная клиническая больница с поликлиникой» Управления делами Президента России; ФГБУ «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Clinical Hospital of Department of Presidential Affairs; Central State Medical Academy of Department of Presidential Affairs</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ колопроктологии имени А.Н. Рыжих» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central State Medical Academy of Department of Presidential Affairs</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution «N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology» оf the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (N.N. Blokhin NMRCO)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>85</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ткаченко Г.А., Калашникова И.А., Мусаев И.Э., Кузьмичев Д.В., Полыновский А.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ткаченко Г.А., Калашникова И.А., Мусаев И.Э., Кузьмичев Д.В., Полыновский А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tkachenko G.A., Kalashnikova I.A., Musaev I.E., Kuzmichev D.V., Polinovskiy A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/1717">https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/1717</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ: разработка программы психологической реабилитации больных колоректальным раком и оценка ее эффективности.</p></sec><sec><title>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ: в клинико-психологическое пилотное исследование были включены 26 больных, перенесших хирургическое лечение по поводу колоректального рака. Средний возраст больных — 64,6 ± 7,1 лет. Давность проведенного лечения — от 6 до 12 мес. Исследование проводилось проспективно. Больные были разделены на две группы: основная группа — 12 больных, с которыми параллельно с медицинской реабилитацией индивидуально проводилась психотерапия в течение 14 дней; контрольная группа — 14 больных, которые прошли только медицинскую реабилитацию и однократное консультирование психологом с целью заполнения опросника (без психотерапии). Психологическая реабилитация включала когнитивно-поведенческую психотерапию и методы биологической обратной связи. Оценка эффективности программы психологической реабилитации проводилась с помощью госпитальной шкалы тревоги и депрессии (HADS) до начала реабилитации и после ее завершения.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: первичная диагностика показала, что в обеих группах у всех больных была повышена тревога до субклинического уровня: 8,6 ± 0,5 баллов — в основной группе и 8,7 ± 0,2 баллов — в контрольной. Депрессивные симптомы различной степени тяжести исходно наблюдались у большинства больных обеих групп: 83,3% и 85,7%, соответственно. После проведения психологической реабилитации снизился уровень тревоги у больных основной группы с 8,6 ± 0,5 до 7,4 ± 0,3 балла (p = 0,052). В контрольной группе уровень тревоги практически не изменился: 8,7 ± 0,2 и 8,2 ± 0,6 балла (p = 0,436). Качественный анализ результатов тестирования показал, что после курса реабилитации, включающего проведение психотерапевтических мероприятий, достоверно увеличилось количество больных в основной группе без депрессии (41,7%). В контрольной группе количество больных с депрессией снизилось менее значительно — с 85,7% до 71,4%.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: у больных колоректальным раком в течение первого года после завершения лечения, отмечается тревожно-депрессивное состояние, что требует психологической помощи. Эффективными психологическими методами для реабилитации больных являются сочетание когнитивно-поведенческой психотерапии и метода, основанного на биологической обратной связи.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: to work out the program for psychological support for patients with colorectal cancer and to evaluate its efficiency.</p></sec><sec><title>PATIENTS AND METHODS</title><p>PATIENTS AND METHODS: the prospective clinical psychological pilot study involved 26 patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer (after 6–12 months), aged 64.6 ± 7.1 year. The patients were divided into two groups: the main group included 12 patients who underwent psychotherapy and the control group with single consulting by the psychologist in order to fulfill the questionnaire (without psychotherapy). The psychological adjustment included cognitive behavioral psychotherapy and methods of neurofeedback. The efficiency assessment of the program for psychological adjustment was performed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) before the rehabilitation and after its completion.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: the primary diagnostics showed that the anxiety of all patients in both groups was increased up to the subclinical level (8.6 ± 0.5 and 8.7 ± 0.2 points). Most patients of both groups initially demonstrated depressive symptoms of various severity degrees (83.3% and 85.7%). After the psychological adjustment, the anxiety level of the patient of the main group was reduced from 8.6 ± 0.5 to 7.5 ± 0.3 points (p = 0.052). In the control group, the anxiety level practically did not change (8.7 ± 0.2 and 8.2 ± 0.6 points) (p = 0.436). The quantitative analysis of the testing results showed that after the adjustment course including psychotherapeutic measures the number of patients who did not have depression in the main group definitely increased (41.7%). In the control group, the number of patients with depression was reduced less significantly from 85.7% to 71.4%.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: the anxiety-depressive condition is peculiar for patients with colorectal cancer 1 year after surgery and requires psychological support. The combination of cognitive behavioral psychotherapy and methods based on neurofeedback are effective psychological methods for these patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>колоректальный рак</kwd><kwd>тревога</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>психологическая реабилитация</kwd><kwd>когнитивно-поведенческая психотерапия</kwd><kwd>биологическая обратная связь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>colorectal cancer</kwd><kwd>anxiety</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>psychological rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>cognitive behavioral psychotherapy</kwd><kwd>biofeedback</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федоров В.Э., Поделякин К.А. Эпидемиологические аспекты колоректального рака (обзор). Медицинский альманах. 2017;4(49):145–148.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fedorov V.E., Delyakin K.A. 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