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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gnck</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Колопроктология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Koloproktologia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7556</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7303</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Association of Coloproctology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33878/2073-7556-2021-20-2-42-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gnck-1613</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные прогностические факторы при колоректальном раке</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prognostic factors in colorectal cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кит</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kit</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кит Олег Иванович — д.м.н., профессор, член-корр. РАН, Генеральный директор</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, Россия</p><p>SPIN: 1728-0329</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg I. Kit</p><p>str. 14-line, 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1957-7363</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Геворкян</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gevorkyan</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Геворкян Юрий Артушевич — д.м.н., профессор, заведующий отделением абдоминальной онкологии №2</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, Россия</p><p>SPIN: 8643-2348</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri A. Gevorkyan</p><p>str. 14-line, 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0118-4935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдаткина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatkina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солдаткина Наталья Васильевна — д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник отделения общей онкологии</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, Россия</p><p>SPIN: 8392-6679</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Soldatkina</p><p>str. 14-line, 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">snv-rnioi@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6358-7361</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимошкина</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timoshkina</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимошкина Наталья Николаевна — к.б.н., заведующая лабораторией молекулярной онкологии</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, Россия</p><p>SPIN: 9483-4330</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia N. Timoshkina</p><p>str. 14-line, 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0640-2994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харагезов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharagezov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Харагезов Дмитрий Акимович — к.м.н., хирург отделения абдоминальной онкологии №2</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, Россия</p><p>SPIN: 5120-0561</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Kharagezov</p><p>str. 14-line, 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7556-9897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каймакчи</surname><given-names>Д. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaymakchi</surname><given-names>D. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каймакчи Дмитрий Олегович — хирург отделения абдоминальной онкологии №2</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, Россия</p><p>SPIN: 4803-6558</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry O. Kaymakchi</p><p>str. 14-line, 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7603-4221</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полуэктов</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poluektov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полуэктов Сергей Игоревич — хирург отделения абдоминальной онкологии №2</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, Россия</p><p>SPIN: 4367-3840</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey I. Poluektov</p><p>str. 14-line, 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3867-4532</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дашков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dashkov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дашков Андрей Владимирович — к.м.н., хирург отделения абдоминальной онкологии №2</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, Россия</p><p>SPIN: 4344-9459</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Dashkov</p><p>str. 14-line, 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9820-8373</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гудцкова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gudtskova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гудцкова Татьяна Николаевна — к.б.н., врач-лаборант патологоанотомического отделения</p><p>ул. 14-я линия, 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, Россия</p><p>SPIN: 7010-5853</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana N. Gudtskova</p><p>str. 14-line, 63, Rostov-on-Don, 344037, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Centre for Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кит О.И., Геворкян Ю.А., Солдаткина Н.В., Тимошкина Н.Н., Харагезов Д.А., Каймакчи Д.О., Полуэктов С.И., Дашков А.В., Гудцкова Т.Н., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кит О.И., Геворкян Ю.А., Солдаткина Н.В., Тимошкина Н.Н., Харагезов Д.А., Каймакчи Д.О., Полуэктов С.И., Дашков А.В., Гудцкова Т.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kit O.I., Gevorkyan Y.A., Soldatkina N.V., Timoshkina N.N., Kharagezov D.A., Kaymakchi D.O., Poluektov S.I., Dashkov A.V., Gudtskova T.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/1613">https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/1613</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучить состояние проблемы применения прогностических факторов при колоректальном раке в настоящее время.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: проведен анализ данных литературы (использовались базы данных PubMed, Scopus, eLIBRARY) и собственных результатов обследования и лечения 47 больных раком ободочной кишки T2-4N0- 2M0 в клинике ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии» МЗ РФ в 2017–2018 гг. Изучены особенности применения и значение следующих прогностических факторов: метастазирование в регионарные лимфоузлы, локализация опухоли, уровень РЭА, мутационный статус генов KRAS и BRAF, микросателлитная нестабильность, MUSASHI2, p53, VEGF и других.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: при изучении зависимости прогрессирования опухоли от характера поражения регионарных лимфоузлов выявлены статистически значимые различия в наблюдениях (p = 0.038): при N0 вероятность прогрессирования заболевания составила 3,8%, при N1 — 14,9%, при N2 — 43,6%. Статистическая обработка результатов исследования не выявила значимых отличий между группами пациентов без генерализации и с генерализацией опухоли по возрасту, полу, локализации опухоли, виду лимфодиссекции, стадии Т, дифференцировки аденокарциномы, уровня РЭА, мутации KRAS, MSI, p53, MUSASHI2, VEGF. Эти прогностические факторы были нами использованы для определения биологических особенностей опухоли, ее агрессивности и подходов к терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: поражение регионарных лимфоузлов остается основным фактором определения прогноза течения заболевания и назначения лекарственной терапии. Молекулярно-генетические факторы в настоящее время имеют большое значение для определения тактики в отношении лекарственной персонифицированной терапии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to evaluate prognostic factors in colorectal cancer.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods: published data (publications in PubMed, Scopus, eLIBRARY databases) and own results of treatment of 47 patients with T2-4N0-2M0 colon cancer in 2017–2018. The following prognostic factors were studied: metastasis in regional lymph nodes, tumor site, CEA level, KRAS and BRAF mutation status, microsatellite instability, MUSASHI2, p53, VEGF.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: a correlation between tumor progression and the status of regional lymph nodes demonstrated significant differences (p = 0.038): in N0, the risk of progression was 3.8%, in N1 — 14.9%, in N2 — 43.6%. Statistical processing of the results did not reveal significant differences between groups of patients without and with cancer generalization by their age, gender, tumor site, type of lymph node dissection, T stage, differentiation of adenocarcinoma, levels of CEA, mutations of KRAS, MSI, p53, MUSASHI2, VEGF. We used these prognostic factors to determine biological features of the tumor, its aggressiveness and treatment approaches.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: the status of regional lymph nodes remains the main factor in determining the prognosis of a colon tumor and in the medical therapy appointment. Molecular genetic factors are currently of great importance for determining tactics in personalized medical treatment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак</kwd><kwd>прогностические факторы</kwd><kwd>метастазы в лимфоузлы</kwd><kwd>мутации генов</kwd><kwd>микросателлитная нестабильность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>colorectal cancer</kwd><kwd>prognostic factors</kwd><kwd>lymph node metastasis</kwd><kwd>gene mutations</kwd><kwd>microsatellite instability</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brenner H, Kloor M, Pox СР. Colorectal cancer. The Lancet. 2014;383:1490–1502.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brenner H, Kloor M, Pox СР. Colorectal cancer. 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