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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gnck</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Колопроктология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Koloproktologia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7556</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7303</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Association of Coloproctology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33878/2073-7556-2019-18-4-116-129</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gnck-1522</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПЕРИАНАЛЬНЫЕ ИНФЕКЦИОННЫЕ ПОРАЖЕНИЯ КАК ПРОЯВЛЕНИЯ ГЕМОБЛАСТОЗА И АПЛАСТИЧЕСКОЙ АНЕМИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PERIANAL INFECTIONS AS FIRST PRESENTATION OF HEMOBLASTOSIS AND APLASTIC ANEMIA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Штыркова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shtyrkova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Штыркова Светлана Витальевна</p><p>Новый Зыковский пр-д, д. 4, Москва, 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shtyrkova Svetlana Vitalievna</p><p>Noviy Zykovskiyproezd, 4, Moscow, 125167</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sv-styrkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карагюлян</surname><given-names>С. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karagyulyan</surname><given-names>S. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гемджян</surname><given-names>Э. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gemdzhian</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данишян</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ntanishyan</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ гематологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Center of Hematology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>116</fpage><lpage>129</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Штыркова С.В., Карагюлян С.Р., Гемджян Э.Г., Данишян К.И., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Штыркова С.В., Карагюлян С.Р., Гемджян Э.Г., Данишян К.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shtyrkova S.V., Karagyulyan S.R., Gemdzhian E.G., Ntanishyan K.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/1522">https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/1522</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ: представить клинические варианты перианальных инфекционных поражений (ПИП), развившихся в дебюте онкогематологического заболевания. Определить факторы, препятствующие купированию ПИ и своевременному началу противоопухолевого лечения, а также причины осложнений в период проведения химиотерапии (ХТ).</p></sec><sec><title>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ: в анализ включены 8 пациентов с инфекционным процессом в перианальной области, развившемся в дебюте гемобластоза и апластической анемии (до начала ХТ).</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: у 5 (из 8) пациентов отмечено существенное удлинение срока между обращением за медицинской помощью по поводу ПИП и началом ХТ гемобластоза (от 18 до 49 суток). Препятствиями для своевременного начала ХТ были неустановленный диагноз гемобластоза (острый миелоидный лейкоз – 2 случая, множественная миелома-1) и продолжающийся инфекционный процесс у пациентов с тяжелой гранулоцитопенией (ГЦП). Чаще «незамеченным» гемобластоз оставался у пациентов с компенсированными показателями гемограммы. Осложнения в период проведения ХТ были связаны с рецидивом ПИП в зоне операции (в результате паллиативного дренирования парапроктита, наличия свища прямой кишки) и развитием сепсиса (при продолжающемся воспалении в послеоперационной ране на фоне ГЦП).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: to present clinical variability of perianal infection (PI), developed in the debut of oncohematological disease and to determine the factors that impede PI relief and time of antitumor treatment initiation, as well as the causes of complications during chemotherapy (ChT).</p></sec><sec><title>PATIENTS AND METHODS</title><p>PATIENTS AND METHODS: the analysis included 8 patients with an infectious process in the perianal region developed in the debut of hemoblastosis and aplastic anemia (before ChT).RESULTS: in 5 of 8 patients there was a long time between start of PI and the start of ChT for hemoblastosis, from 18 to 49 days. The impediment for a favorable time to start ChT were not clarified diagnosis of hemoblastosis (acute myeloid leukemia – 2 cases, multiple myeloma – 1, lymphoma – 1) and the ongoing infectious process in patients with severe granulocytopenia (GCP). Usually undetected hematological malignancies were observed in patients with compensated data of haemogram. Complications during ChT were associated with recurrence of PI in the area of surgery (palliative drainage of anorectal abscess and fistula-in-ano) and of the sepsis with persisted inflammation in the postoperative wound on the background of GCP.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: PI is one of the infectious complications peculiar for the debut of oncohematological disease. Therefore, a general blood test with leukocyte formula should be performed before surgery in all patients with paraproctitis to exclude hemoblastosis. The unknown diagnosis of hemoblastosis and the ineffectiveness of surgical treatment of paraproctitis in patients with severe GCP were the main reasons for the delay in the beginning of antitumor treatment in this study. Persistent infection (fistula-in-ano) and the persistent inflammation in the wound on the background of the GCP has resulted in the recurrence of PI and sepsis during chemotherapy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>перианальные инфекционные поражения/абсцесс</kwd><kwd>гранулоцитопения</kwd><kwd>нейтропения</kwd><kwd>гемобластоз</kwd><kwd>лейкоз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>perianal infection/ abscess</kwd><kwd>leukemia</kwd><kwd>hemoblastosis</kwd><kwd>neutropenia</kwd><kwd>granulocytopenia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harsh Grewal, Jose G, Guillem, Stuart HQ et al. 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