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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gnck</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Колопроктология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Koloproktologia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7556</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7303</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Association of Coloproctology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gnck-1136</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬЯ НОМЕРА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LEADING ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title></article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE COLITIS: THE ROLE OF SURGERY AND FECAL MICROBIOTA TRANSPLANT</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitáš</surname><given-names>Ladislav</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">mitas.ladislav@fnbrno.cz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skřička</surname><given-names>T. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kunovský</surname><given-names>L. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polák</surname><given-names>P. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kala</surname><given-names>Z. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Čan</surname><given-names>V. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dufková</surname><given-names>T. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Janoušová</surname><given-names>E. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hansliánová</surname><given-names>M. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Penka</surname><given-names>I. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Москалев</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ким</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-1"><institution>Masaryk University Brno</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Mitáš L., Skřička T..., Kunovský L..., Polák P..., Kala Z..., Čan V..., Dufková T..., Janoušová E..., Hansliánová M..., Penka I..., Москалев А.И., Ким Е.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Mitáš L., Skřička T..., Kunovský L..., Polák P..., Kala Z..., Čan V..., Dufková T..., Janoušová E..., Hansliánová M..., Penka I..., Москалев А.И., Ким Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mitáš L., Skřička T..., Kunovský L..., Polák P..., Kala Z..., Čan V..., Dufková T..., Janoušová E..., Hansliánová M..., Penka I..., Москалев А.И., Ким Е.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/1136">https://www.ruproctology.com/jour/article/view/1136</self-uri><abstract><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Наиболее сложной задачей является лечение фульминантной формы клостридиального колита (ФКК), которая зачастую не отвечает на антибиотикотерапию, а рецидивирующее течение требует хирургического лечения. Основная цель нашего проспективного исследования состояла в оценке результатов хирургического лечения у больных с тяжелой формой КК в период 2008-2014 гг., выявлении факторов риска, приводящих к тяжёлым послеоперационным осложнениям и летальности. Второй целью было изучение эффективности лечения рецидивирующего клостридиального колита с помощью метода трансплантации фекальной микробиоты (ТФМ) в период 2010-2014 гг. МЕТОДЫ. В период с 2008 по 2014 гг. клостридиальные токсины были обнаружены у 1956 пациентов Университетской клиники Брно. У 37 (1,9%) из них имела место тяжелая форма КК, что послужило показанием к хирургическому лечению. Для оценки факторов риска послеоперационных осложнений и летальности был использован точный тест Фишера и тест Манна-Уитни. Факторы, влияющие на общую выживаемость, были изучены с использованием логрангового критерия. С 2010 по 2014 гг. рецидив КК был выявлен у 80 пациентов, что послужило показанием к ТФМ в отделении инфекционных заболеваний Университетской клиники Брно. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Было установлено, что среди факторов, оказывающих негативное достоверное влияние на летальность и частоту тяжелых послеоперационных осложнений, были изменение психического статуса до операции (p=0,008), уровень альбумина в день операции ≤20 г/л (p=0,005) и уровень общего белка в день операции ≤45 г/л (p=0,037). Неблагоприятным фактором прогноза, влияющим на общую выживаемость, были нестабильная гемодинамика до операции (p=0,035), изменение психического состояния или необходимость искусственной вентиляции легких с фармакологической седацией до операции (p=0,025), повышение уровня С-реактивного белка в день операции &gt;75 мг/л (p=0,034), уровень альбумина в день операции ≤18,5 г/л (p=0,007), уровень мочевины крови в день операции &gt;10 ммоль/л (p=0,019) и повышение уровня креатинина сыворотки крови в день операции &gt;120 мкмоль/л (p=0,004). Уровень летальности в срок до 30 дней с момента операции составил почти 35%, частота осложнений - 89%, а 90-дневная летальность - 54%. Среди 80 пациентов с рецидивирующей формой КК, которым была выполнена ТФМ, эффективность лечения составила 83,1%. ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Раннее и высококачественное хирургическое вмешательство при фульминантной форме КК значительно улучшает прогноз. ТМФ - это эффективный и безопасный метод лечения рецидивирующей формы КК.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>BACKGROUND. The most challenging task in treating the Clostridium difficile colitis (CDC) is to deal with its fulminant form. It is often nonresponding to antibiotics and, upon recurrence, necessitates surgical treatment. The primary aim of our prospective research was to evaluate surgical treatment results in patients with severe CDC in the period of 2008-2014, determining risk factors leading to serious postoperative morbidity and mortality. Our secondary objective was to assess the success of faecal microbiota transplant (FMT) treatment of the recurrent colitis caused by Clostridium difficile in the period of2010-2014. METHODS. During 2008-2014, Clostridial toxins were detected in 1956 patients at the University Hospital Brno. From them, 37 patients underwent surgery for a severe form of colitis. The Fisher exact test and Mann-Whitney test were used to evaluate factors affecting increased mortality and incidence of serious postoperative complications. Factors affecting overall survival were assessed using the Log-rank test. From 2010 to 2014, there were 80 patients with CDC recurrence enrolled and treated with FMT at the Department of Infectious RESULTS. Factors that were proven statistically significant to increase the mortality and incidence of serious postoperative complications included: Mental status changes before the surgery (p=0,008), the albumin level on the day of surgery ≤20 g/l (p=0,005) and the total serum proteins level on the day of surgery ≤45 g/l (p=0,037). Statistically significant factors negatively affecting overall survival were found to be these: circulatory instability before surgery (p-value=0,035), mental status changes or artificial lung ventilation with pharmacological attenuation of consciousness before surgery (p=0,025), CRP value on the day of surgery &gt;75 mg/l (p=0,034), the albumin level on the day of surgery ≤18,5 g/l (p=0,007), blood urea on the day of surgery &gt;10 mmol/l (p=0,019) and the serum creatinine on the day of surgery &gt;120 ymol/l (p-value=0,004). Thirty-day mortality reached nearly 35%, morbidity climbed up to 89%, and the 90-day mortality was 54°%. A total of 80 patients were treated for recurrent CDC with FMT and the success rate of the method was 83,1%. CONCLUSION. Early and accurate surgical intervention in the fulminant form of CDC improves significantly prognosis of patients. FMT is an effective and safe methodfor treatment of the recurrent form of Clostridium colitis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>токсический колит</kwd><kwd>хирургическое вмешательство</kwd><kwd>колэктомия</kwd><kwd>трансплантация фекальной микробиоты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Clostridium difficile colitis</kwd><kwd>toxic colitis</kwd><kwd>surgery</kwd><kwd>colectomy</kwd><kwd>fecal microbiota transplant</kwd><kwd>Clostridium difficile ассоциированный колит</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ananthakrishnan, A.N. Clostridium difficile infection: epidemiology, risk factors and management. / A.N.Ananthakrishnan // Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. - 2011. - № 8. - р. 17-26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ananthakrishnan, A.N. 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